A Look at Primitive Breeds: The Mexican Hairless Dog

I had the privilege to photograph a rare breed; the Mexican Hairless Dog. Xoloitzcuintli, also known as Xolos, or Mexican Hairless Dogs, are an ancient breed revered by the Aztecs for their believed spiritual and healing properties, and are considered the official dog of Mexico. This breed is known for being incredibly loyal to their handler but aloof towards strangers.

What is a Primitive Breed?

A primitive dog breed is one that has retained many of the characteristics and traits of its ancient ancestors, often displaying behaviors and physical features that are reminiscent of the earliest domesticated dogs. These breeds are typically less influenced by modern breeding practices and tend to exhibit more natural instincts and survival skills that were essential for their ancestors in the wild. Primitive dog breeds are often closely associated with specific geographical regions and cultural histories, making them unique representatives of the canine lineage.

Many of these breeds have developed in isolation, adapting to their local environments and the needs of the communities that relied on them for various purposes, such as hunting, herding, or protection. This has resulted in a diverse array of breeds, each with its own distinct traits and characteristics. For example, the Basenji, known for its yodel-like bark and cat-like grooming habits, originates from Central Africa and was used for hunting small game. Similarly, the Alaskan Malamute, a breed developed by the indigenous Inuit people, showcases remarkable strength and endurance, making it ideal for pulling sleds in harsh Arctic conditions.

Primitive dog breeds often possess a strong prey drive and a high level of independence, which can make training a challenge for inexperienced owners. They may exhibit behaviors that are more aligned with their wild ancestors, such as a strong instinct to roam and explore, as well as a tendency to be wary of strangers. This independent nature often means that they require owners who can provide firm, consistent training while also allowing for the freedom to express their natural behaviors.

Characteristics of Xoloitzcuintli

• Appearance: Xolos are distinguished by their lack of hair, which makes their skin feel warm to the touch. But did you know that they also can have hair? The haired variety of the breed are incredibly important to keep the breed alive, as crossbreeding hairless to hairless can cause health issues. They come in various sizes, including toy, miniature, and standard.

• Temperament: Known for their calm and gentle demeanor, Xolos are excellent companions. They are protective yet neutral.

• Health Benefits: Traditionally, it is believed that their warm skin can help alleviate certain ailments, and they are often used in traditional medicine.

Historical Significance

The Xoloitzcuintli has a rich history that dates back over 3,000 years. They were not only companions to the Aztecs but were also thought to guide the souls of the deceased to the afterlife. This deep cultural significance adds to their allure and makes them a cherished breed in Mexico and beyond.

Care and Maintenance

• Skin Care: Due to their hairlessness, Xolos require specific skin care to prevent sunburn and irritation. Regular moisturizing and protection from harsh weather are essential.

• Exercise Needs: These dogs are active and require regular exercise to stay healthy and happy. Daily walks and playtime are important for their well-being.

Photographing the Xoloitzcuintli was not just an opportunity to capture their unique appearance but also a chance to appreciate their rich cultural heritage and the bond they share with their humans, along with learn a little more about a cool primitive breed.